Hemp (Cannabis sativa) - An Underexploited but Promising Oilseed with Multifarious Properties and Applications: A Review

Abstract

Hemp commonly known as bhang belongs to the Cannabaceae family. Due to the psychoactive effect, it is often stigmatised; however, recently the Government of Uttarakhand has legalised the cultivation of hemp in the state with <0.3 % 9-tetrahydrocannabinol levels. Hence this review provides comprehensive details on how the whole plant of hemp can be potentially used in various industries. Researchers identify hemp as a rich source of nutrients. Specifically, hemp seeds are being celebrated due to the presence of fatty acids, amino acids, and antioxidants. The presence of these nutrients makes hemp seeds a valuable ingredient in functional foods. Additionally, several studies recognised hemp for several health benefits viz., managing neurological disorders, preventing several cancers, easing skin problems and promoting better mental health. Alongside the health benefits, the hemp plant is recognised to have diverse applications in other industries such as cosmetics, textiles and construction. However, due to the legal constraints and local stigma large and nation-wide cultivation of hemp is difficult but extensive research into the cultivation and processing of hemp can help to leverage this plant for the associated benefits.