Induction of Maize Resistance to Downy Mildew Disease Peronosclerospora Spp. Using  an Endophytic Consortium

Nurasiah Djaenuddin; Ernawati Djaya; Erwin Najamuddin; Eriyanto Yusnawan; Andi Nasruddin; Tutik Kuswinanti

doi:10.14429/dlsj.9.19295

Nurasiah Djaenuddin Postgraduate School, Agricultural Sciences, Hasanuddin University, Makassar, Jl. PerintisKemerdekaan Km.10, Makassar- -90245, South Sulawesi, Indonesia https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4167-1436
Ernawati Djaya Research Center for Food Crops, Research Organisation for Agricultural and Food, National Research and Innovation Agency, Republic of Indonesia, Jalan Raya Bogor Km. 46 Cibinong - 16911, Indonesia. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7450-8574
Erwin Najamuddin Research Center for Food Crops, Research Organisation for Agricultural and Food, National Research and Innovation Agency, Republic of Indonesia, Jalan Raya Bogor Km. 46 Cibinong - 16911, Indonesia. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3991-1955
Eriyanto Yusnawan Research Center for Food Crops, Research Organisation for Agricultural and Food, National Research and Innovation Agency, Republic of Indonesia, Jalan Raya Bogor Km. 46 Cibinong - 16911, Indonesia. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8641-8445
Andi Nasruddin Department of Plant Pests and Diseases, Faculty of Agriculture, Hasanuddin University, Makassar, Jl. PerintisKemerdekaan Km.10, Makassar - 90245, South Sulawesi, Indonesia https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3999-3340
Tutik Kuswinanti Postgraduate School, Agricultural Sciences, Hasanuddin University, Makassar, Jl. PerintisKemerdekaan Km.10, Makassar 90245, South Sulawesi, Indonesia https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8540-1644

DOI: https://doi.org/10.14429/dlsj.9.19295

Keywords: Disease suppression, Enzyme activity, Resistance induction, Peronosclerospora philipinensis

Abstract

Maize resistance to downy mildew is connected with the activation of multiple defense responses that slow or stop infection at specific stages of the host-pathogen interaction. The interaction between the pathogen and the host plant induces several changes in cell metabolism, especially phenolic content, activity of peroxidase enzyme (POD), and salicylic acid. In this study, an analysis was carried out on the effect of a consortium of endophytic microbes from the fungal group (isolates of AC-1, AC-2, AC-3, and DC-5) and bacterial group (isolates of II-D1, IV-B2, I-A1, III-A2, and I-D3) to control downy mildew in maize through seed treatment and watering of the isolate suspension around plant roots at 14 days after planting under screen house conditions. The results showed that DC[1]5+II-D1endophytic consortium significantly suppressed downy mildew disease up to 71 %, with the total phenolic content after inoculation 10.3 ppm. In comparison, the DC-5+I-A1 endophytic consortium treatment recorded the highest increase in salicylic acid concentration of 330 %. This treatment did not significantly affect the peroxidase enzyme activity. This study contributes to the understanding of potential mechanisms involved in the defense of maize against downy mildew, highlighting the role of POD and salicylic acid in plant susceptibility to pathogens.