The Genetic Variability Studies on Induced Mutants in Indian Mustard (Brassica juncea L.)Analysis of Component Characters for Better Yield

Meghna Garg; Anubhuti Sharma; Sanjay Jambhulkar; Rakesh Goel; P.K. Rai; Shoor Vir Singh

doi:10.14429/dlsj.9.19086

Meghna Garg Department of Biotechnology, GLA University, Mathura–281 406, India https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2199-6981
Anubhuti Sharma ICAR-Directorate of Rapeseed Mustard Research, Bharatpur, Rajasthan–321 303, India https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5857-5865
Sanjay Jambhulkar Nuclear Agriculture & Biotechnology Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai–400 008, India https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6617-0916
Rakesh Goel Department of AGB, DUVASU, Mathura–281 001, India https://orcid.org/0009-0002-8033-7609
P.K. Rai ICAR-Directorate of Rapeseed Mustard Research, Bharatpur, Rajasthan–321 303, India
Shoor Vir Singh Department of Biotechnology, GLA University, Mathura–281 406, India https://orcid.org/0009-0002-8274-5868

DOI: https://doi.org/10.14429/dlsj.9.19086

Keywords: Brassica juncea, Heritability, PCV-GCV, Correlation coefficient, Genetic advance

Abstract

The study aimed to develop elite mutants of Indian Mustard (Brassica juncea L.) with improved seed yield by studying the correlarion of various morphological characters with seed yield. Low erucic acid varieties of Indian Mustard (PM21 and PM30) were irradiated with different doses of gamma rays (1000 Gy, 1200 Gy & 1500 Gy) and also treated in combination with different concentration of chemical mutagen EMS (0.25 %, 0.50 % & 0.75 %) to induce the genetic variability. The stable true breeding lines were evaluated for the heritability, genetic variability, genetic advance & correlation studies for 8 different parameters. The ANOVA confirms the existence of significant amount of genetic diversity in mutant genotypes. The primary, secondary & tertiary branches, total siliqua and seed yield of the selected superior mutants possessed higher values of GCV while the phenotypic coefficient of variation was found to be moderate for all of the characters. A significant positive correlation exists between primary, secondary & tertiary branches & total siliqua of a plant. The value of heritability ranged between 0-0.6 (h2) for various parameters; seed number per silique being the most genetically variant among the traits studied. Seed yield is positively correlated with seed number per siliqua, primary & secondary branches which indicates that selection of these traits could improve seed yield. Mutation breeding is used to broaden the genetic variability in the germplasm. Novel mutants with high seed yield were isolated. The identification of component characters which have positive or negative association with seed yield has helped in designing of a breeding program to produce stable true breeding lines in Indian Mustard with high seed yield