GCMS Analysis In Vitro Antioxidant and Antidiabetic Activity of Oxyria digyna (L.) Hill

An Underexplored Trans Himalayan Plant

Abstract

Oxyria digyna (mountain sorrel) is an edible and medicinal herb with a wide array of ethnopharmacological uses. A literature review revealed that this species is less explored for its pharmacological efficacy. Methanolic leaf extract of O. digyna was screened for antioxidant potential utilizing “2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl” DPPH and “Hydrogen peroxide” H202 assay, in addition, the antidiabetic potential was evaluated using enzyme alpha-amylase. Further, the bioactive compounds were analyzed through GC/MS and FTIR techniques. The antioxidant results demonstrated that the extract showed strong reducing potential for both DPPH and Hydrogen peroxide assay, plant extract revealed scavenging activity with an IC50 value of 42.55±0.7311 µg/ml for DPPH and an IC50 value of 51.77±1.855 µg/ml for H2O2. Furthermore, O. digyna showed a moderate inhibitory outcome towards alpha-amylase with an IC50 =131.02±1.90 µg/ml while the standard showed an IC50 = of 22.05±3.9 µg/ml. The extract exhibited an enormous amount of total flavonoid and phenolic. Moreover, the FTIR spectrum showed the presence of alcohol, alkanes, alkyne, aldehyde, etc. and the GC/MS study reveals the presence of sixty compounds. The most prevalent one is 9,12,15- Octadecatrienoic acid (Z, Z, Z) 38.33 %. According to our knowledge, this study is the first to validate its antidiabetic potential and identification of numerous phytoconstituents through GC/MS and identification of several functional groups employing FTIR analysis. The above finding suggests that O. digyna possess a high amount of phenols, and flavonoids, showing significant antioxidant properties, which makes it a promising source of natural antioxidant, also it can be used in food industries and for future drug synthesis. Further, the extract showed potential alpha-amylase inhibition but the potential was less, further, the active biochemical constituent can be isolated and utilized in therapeutic applications.