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 | Human engineering problems in the operation of controls and the design of aircraft instruments
Author : Adiseshiah, W.T.V.
Source : Defence Science Journal ; Vol:8(3) ; 1958 ; pp 289-300
Subject : 629.7 Aeronautics
Keywords : Aircraft instruments ;Design ;Control
Abstract : "Speed and accuracy in performance are major considerations in the design of man-machine systems which involve displays for presenting information to the senses, and controls for human use. Sensory capacity, mobility and muscle strength, mental stamina, and capacity for team work are psychological factors which call for appropriate attention. In the design and selection of control devices, it is important to consider size and shape, location and action of the control devices. These should be compatible with the element to be controlled. four matters call for attention: firstly, control dimensions should take into consideration the normal hand grasp limitations of the operator. Secondly, knob of the controls should be suitably shape coded so as to forestall inadvertent operation of wrong controls. Thirdly, controls which have to be used most often should be placed within convenient reach of the operator. Fourthly, the human operator cannot be expected to perform at maximum capacity for any great length of time. Correctly positioned power controls are being increasingly used in present day aircraft. In the design of aircraft instruments and the layout of flying panels, the limitations of the human operator, emergencies which are likely to arise during flight, and imperfections in the indications of instruments need to be taken into account. The design of aircraft instruments such as the altimeter, the air speed indicator, and the artificial horizon, are being improved from time to time so as to meet the new requirements in flying. Single and multiple instrument combinations have effected a saving of time in locating parts of a total picture, e.g. the composite indication of fuel state in modern aircraft. Many unsolved problems still remain with regard to the use of certain items such as the aiming, photographic and oxygen equipments. " |
| | Speed stress and the aircraft pilot
Author : Adiseshiah, W.T.V.
Source : Defence Science Journal ; Vol:8(3) ; 1958 ; pp 276-286
Subject : 629.7 Aeronautics
Keywords : Pilot ;Speed stress
Abstract : When the human component in a man-machine system of pushed beyond the limits of human capacity in grasping information presented to senses or in executing a series of actions correctly, a condition of "speed stress" may be said to occur. Conditions encountered by aircraft at high speeds, make a consideration of the forms of speed stress, and of the measures to alleviate them, extremely important. |
| | The changing face of the altimeter
Author : Adiseshiah, W.T.V.
Source : Defence Science Journal ; Vol:7(3) ; 1957 ; pp 159-164
Subject : 681.2 Instrumentation
Keywords : Experimental psychologists ;Instrument design ;Altimeter
Abstract : Experimental psychologists and instrument designers have during the past three decades or more, made several attempts to improve the design of the altimeter dial display. These efforts have on fact been necessitated by the many problems of dial interpretation peculiar to the altimeter. This paper describes some if the designs which have been developed during the recent year and discusses also the main trends of future design. |
| | Changes in the timing of responses following spells of high speed flying
Author : Adiseshiah, W.T.V. ;Rao, M.S.Prakash
Source : Defence Science Journal ; Vol:5(4) ; 1955 ; pp 325-336
Subject : 629.7 Aeronautics
Keywords : Jet ;Fighter ;Pilot
Abstract : One of the important signs of fatigue in pilots is prolongation of the time taken to respond to signals for action. Since promptness in action is essential in high speed flying, it was of interest to see whether any changes occur in the timing of response of IAF pilots after routing flying sorties. This study was carried out on a group of IAF jet fighter pilots stationed at Palam, New Delhi during the Summer months of 1954. The pilots were tested immediately before and after their flying exercises by measuring their response times to three arrangements of stimuli presented in rapid succession, so as to determine the time required for an immediate response, a discrimination and a choice. Analysis of results showed that there was slight prolongation in the post-flight values This difference was most marked after 'hard' stories. Of the various alternative explanations considered in order to account for this difference, 'transient, fatigue appears to be most plausible. |
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